Question 15.1:Plant population persistence
----Molofsky, J. and J.-B. Ferdy. 2005. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 102: 3726–3731.
Question 15.5:Eelgrass
----inferred from Reusch, T. B. H., A. Ehlers, A. Hämmerli, and B. Worm. 2005. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102: 2826-2831.
Question 15.6:Disorders
----inferred from Tkachev, D., M . Mimmack , M . Ryan , M . Wayland , T . Freeman , P . Jones , M . Starkey , M . Webster , R . Yolken , S . Bahn. 2003. Lancet 362: 798–805.
Question 15.11: Dung beetles
----inferred from Kotiaho, J. S., L. W. Simmons and J. L. Tomkins. 2001. Nature 410: 684-686.
Question 15.13: Daphnia resistance
----inferred from Hairston N. G., Jr., W. Lampert, C. E. Cáceres, C. L. Holtmeier, L. J. Weider, U. Gaedke, J. M. Fischer, J. A. Fox and D. M. Post. 1999. Nature 401: 446.
Question 15.14: Tsetse learning
----inferred from Bouyer, J., M. Pruvot, Z. Bengaly, P. M. Guerin, and R. Lancelot. 2007. Biology Letters 3: 113-116.
Question 15.19: Nemotode lifespan
----inferred from Evason, K., C. Huang, I. Yamben, D. F. Covey, and K. Kornfeld. 2005. Science 307: 258-262.
Question 15.21: Walking stick heads
----Nosil, P. and B. J. Crespi. 2006. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103:9090-9095.
Question 15.22: Lodgepole pine cones
----Edelaar, P. and C. W. Benkman. 2006. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 19:1651-1659.
Question 15.23: Lupus mice
----McGaha, T. L., B. Sorrentino, and J. V. Ravetch. 2005. Science 307: 590-593.
Question 15.24: Lizard sprint speed
----inferred from Huey, R. B. and A. E. Dunham. 1987. Evolution 42: 1116-1120.