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New publication: Fong et al. Science Advances

November 12, 2021

Stephanie Fong, Björn Rogell, Mirjam Amcoff, Alexander Kotrschal, Wouter van der Bijl, Séverine D. Buechel and Niclas Kolm . 2021. Rapid mosaic brain evolution under artificial selection for relative telencephalon size in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Science Advances.

Abstract
The mosaic brain evolution hypothesis, stating that brain regions can evolve relatively independently during cognitive evolution, is an important idea to understand how brains evolve with potential implications even for human brain evolution. Here, we provide the first experimental evidence for this hypothesis through an artificial selection experiment in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). After four generations of selection on relative telencephalon volume (relative to brain size), we found substantial changes in telencephalon size but no changes in other regions. Further comparisons revealed that up-selected lines had larger telencephalon, while down-selected lines had smaller telencephalon than wild Trinidadian populations. Our results support that independent evolutionary changes in specific brain regions through mosaic brain evolution can be important facilitators of cognitive evolution.

Department of Zoology
4200 - 6270 University Blvd.
Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4
604 822 2131
E-mail info@zoology.ubc.ca
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